Volume 7 I've Been Here Chapter 0928 Cultural Imperialism

The information collection work does not require too many people, but all the members of the Arctic Fox are in Mexico. In addition to looking for hiding places for the black money, they must also be ready to support and protect Nan Yi's team at any time.
The sound of gunfire lasted for more than half an hour. Finally, the support of the Sinaloa drug cartel arrived. The Tijuana cartel left behind more than a dozen bodies. The others fought and retreated, leaving behind several more bodies during the retreat. The battle was over.
Before the battle was over, Nan Yi and the other man had already taken their turns. Edith Gonzalez was in charge of ordering the dishes, which included a plate of lightly fried and slightly spicy local yellow peppers, finely shredded fried tofu stuffed with shrimp, and boneless chicken puree stuffed into the chicken skin before being baked in the oven.
Edith Gonzalez also ordered a fish maw soup, which was made of pike maw, shredded cabbage, quail eggs, and slightly chewy fish viscera. It must be said that the chef of Longlou Restaurant has superb cooking skills.
Nan Yi ordered a bowl of rice and Edith Gonzalez ordered a tortilla. After they had filled their stomachs, they went to a large bar that mainly catered to American tourists.
Originally, Nan Yi wanted to go to a small bar with a stronger Mexican atmosphere, but Edith Gonzalez told him that such small bars usually have people with guns lingering there. They are not necessarily drug dealers or gangsters, but most people carry guns.
The name of the bar, Revelry, literally translates into Chinese as carnival. However, after Nan Yi was immersed in it for two or three minutes, he felt that it would be more appropriate to translate it as "having fun".
It was wild. There was no dance floor in the bar, but there were dance floors everywhere. Because of the heat, girls of all styles got rid of the constraints of their clothes and twisted their bodies everywhere. The time was chaotic, some came at 6:30, some at 9:30, and some at 11:30.
Indulgence, the bar is very large, most of it is open-air, and not completely visible. There are many decorations and green plants in the middle that block the view. In the dim sight, there are always two or more restless souls intertwined and lingering.
There is no law and order, and drugs are openly displayed on the table. Some people enjoy drugs alone, some take drugs in pairs, and some take drugs in groups. There is a wide range of drugs, from mild to severe.
Nan Yi sprinkled some crystal clear and slightly whitish particles on the base of his thumb, picked up the lemon slice on the wine glass and sandwiched it between his ring finger and middle finger, raised the wine glass and clinked it with Edith Gonzalez. Just as he was about to lick the base of his thumb, Edith Gonzalez said to Nan Yi, "Exchange."
"OK."
The two men got close to each other, Nan Yi licked Edith Gonzalez's knuckles, and Edith Gonzalez licked Nan Yi's knuckles, and then they both raised their glasses and drank the wine in the glasses, and then they took a bite of the lemon slice between each other's fingers.
After drinking a glass of tequila, Nan Yi and the other man smiled at each other, and a feeling of pleasure arose spontaneously.
Putting down the empty cups, the two men came to the edge of the swimming pool with their beers and sat on the ground. Edith Gonzalez was only wearing a white T-shirt with orange and yellow edges on his upper body, denim shorts on his lower body, and a pair of sandals on his feet. He casually soaked his feet in the water, splashing the water.
Nan Yi was wearing special combat boots and tactical jeans, so he couldn't do the same. He could only sit cross-legged as if in meditation.
To the left of Nan Yi and the other man sat another couple, their lips pressed together, making charming stringing sounds from time to time; it was almost the same on the right, except that it was a different couple. Being in such an environment and with the blessing of a glass of tequila, the secretion of hormones accelerated a lot.
When the close dancing music "Chihuahua" sounded in the bar, Nan Yi and Dis Gonzalez naturally blended into it and danced to the music.
Cheek-to-cheek dancing is very popular in Mexico. Nan Yi has seen many videos of it on short video platforms. Moreover, the Mexican women in the videos are basically slightly plump or even fat, and there are very few slim ones.
In the words of the person who filmed or reposted the video, Mexico is a country that considers fat to be beautiful, but as far as Nan Yi knows, this is not the case. Mexico can only say that it does not discriminate against obesity, but it does not consider obesity to be beautiful.
"Edis, do Mexicans like your figure the most?" Shaking his body, Nan Yi was ready to resolve the doubts in his mind.
Edith Gonzalez raised his head from Nan Yi's shoulder and said, "Mexican men don't like women who are too thin or too fat. They like women who are thin where they should be thin and have meat where they should have meat."
“Are Mexican women more skinny or fat?”
"When you are young, you have a good figure. After the age of 35, many women start to gain weight."
“Is it because of race or diet?”
Edith Gonzalez thought for a moment and said, "It's probably because of their race. The traditional Mexican diet mainly includes coarse fiber foods such as tortillas, corn dumplings, corn soup, beans, potatoes, and cactus. Although they like to eat candy, due to limited conditions, only a small number of people can eat candy at any time."
"oh."
Edith Gonzalez mentioned "sugar", which gave Nan Yi some associations and inspiration.
Last August, on August 12, the United States, Canada and Mexico signed a comprehensive trade agreement among the three countries, namely the North American Free Trade Agreement.
After the agreement came into effect, the amount of fresh fruits and vegetables exported by Mexico to the United States increased significantly, while high-calorie, high-sugar processed foods continued to flow from the United States to Mexico. In the second half of last year, Scarlett Grain Group exported more than 1,700 tons of various primary sugars to Mexico.
Also last year, Wonderfood's president Cooper Garans proposed that Wonderfood should enter the Mexican market, saying that he was optimistic about the prospects of Mexico's Western fast food industry. His reason was that with the development of Mexico's economy, the increase in population and the accelerated pace of urbanization, the dietary structure of Mexicans would change.
Because the Mexican government's subsidies to farmers are too low, small-scale agricultural planting cannot bring good living conditions. More and more Mexican farmers do not want to work in the fields all their lives. They would rather go to the city to work. This will eventually lead to fewer and fewer people farming in Mexico, and gradually there will be food shortages and a situation where they will have to rely on imports.
Mexican farmers who come to the city to work do more physical work and their income level is not very high, so they choose a combination of relatively cheap fast food and drinks in their diet.
According to Mexico's current agricultural structure, as long as a small number of staple crops will increase in price to a limited extent, other crops will be stimulated by good export channels and their prices will soar in a very short period of time.
Of course, the price surge is not just due to supply and demand. In fact, the favorable conditions in certain areas of Mexican agriculture will encourage the ambitions of fertilizer, pesticide and seed companies to grow, and the benefits will be shared equally. If crop prices go up, it is not enough for the planting stage to be the only one to reap the benefits.
Fertilizers, pesticides, seeds, planting, and sales are grasshoppers strung together on a rope. If the other links are not doing well, planting will not be easy either. If planting is doing well, the other links must also be doing better; conversely, if planting is not doing well, the other links must still be doing well.
The rope is vertical, with the planting hanging at the bottom. Once there is a problem in the overall agricultural market , everyone will vote to cut the rope above the planting head. In short, when a smile appears on the farmer's face, the other links must at least be like drying money in the sun and using US dollars to light cigarettes.
Nan Yi deduced from the known fact that fat is beautiful and the considerable sales of Mexican Coke that the Mexican dietary structure revolution must have been quite successful in the previous life.
"Sorry, I'll be gone for a moment."
Nan Yi released his arms around Edith Gonzalez, stepped out of the spontaneously formed dance floor, walked to a quiet and secluded corner, and began to think about his somewhat messy thoughts.
After thinking for a while, Nan Yi started making phone calls again.
"Cooper, I need to know the Mexican strategic moves of all American fast food companies."
"Shatish, send me a list of the latest development trends of companies in the global fertilizer and pesticide fields, mainly targeting the South American market. Yes, Mexico is the focus."
"Rachel, ask our Coca-Cola board representative to ask about Coca-Cola's latest development strategy, yes, about Mexico."
After finishing the call, Nan Yi continued to sort out his thoughts.
Herbert Schüller, professor emeritus at the University of California, San Diego, first mentioned and interpreted "cultural imperialism" in his 1976 book Communication and Cultural Domination.
In the decades after World War II, nearly 100 regions that broke away from Western colonial rule established new nation-states, but the vast majority of these countries are still heavily dependent on a few advanced capitalist countries economically and culturally.
In the field of communication and culture, several large Western news agencies dominate the circulation and interpretation of global information, and American Hollywood movies have swept the markets of most emerging countries. There is a serious imbalance in international cultural exchanges, and the cultural development space of emerging countries has been severely squeezed.
Schuler studied this phenomenon in his book Mass Communication and American Empire and criticized the control of the emerging nation-state by the American mass communication policies and structures.
In the book "Communication and Cultural Domination", Schüller stated at the beginning that his research was based on Immanuel Wallerstein's theory of the modern world system.
He believes that Wallerstein's view has three key points. The first is that the logic of capitalism's pursuit of maximizing profits is the primary entry point; the second is that there is a hierarchical structure between countries; and the third is that the exploitative relationship of this hierarchical structure is at three levels, namely the center, the semi-periphery and the periphery.
Schüle once said: "I think that today's cultural imperialism can be understood through these points. The cultural 'communication department' of the world system must be linked to the development of the whole system and promote the goals and objectives of the whole system.
The presentation of culture and information is therefore largely, though not entirely, determined by the same market forces that govern the production of goods and services throughout the system.”
Schüller believes that cultural imperialism is a comprehensive and historical phenomenon that covers all aspects of life, including media information. The focus of cultural imperialism research is not on the homogenization of information interpretation or general cultural consumption, but on the unequal structure of international cultural production and circulation, and how it has formed, expanded and strengthened a new form of transnational domination.
In short, cultural imperialism is the sum of many processes.
Through these processes, a society is absorbed into the modern world-system and its ruling classes are attracted, coerced, forced, and sometimes bribed so that the social institutions they shape are adapted to, and even promote, the values ​​and structures of the countries that occupy a central and dominant position in the world-system.
Cultural imperialism is defined by different scholars as "cultural imperialism" in which economy comes first or culture comes first, and culture is used as a tool to assist economic and political domination.
The former defines cultural imperialism as the use of political and economic power to promote and popularize the values ​​and customs of foreign cultures at the expense of local culture.
The latter believes that cultural imperialism refers to the cultural infiltration and control of the people by the Western ruling class in order to reshape the values, behaviors, social systems and identities of the oppressed people and make them obey the interests and goals of the imperialist ruling class.
Some scholars believe that there are three ways for cultural imperialism to penetrate culture:
1. At the theoretical level, promote humanities, philosophy, and social science theories based on Western-centrism, and publicize Western social systems and values.
Second, spread their culture at the mass cultural level through various cultural media, such as television, books, publications, and advertisements so that the general public can see and hear it.
3. Make a big fuss about cultural material products and people’s daily necessities such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, so as to westernize people’s environment and lifestyle.
Nan Yi had learned about the theory of cultural imperialism, from which he extracted the useful parts for him and the Nan family. Western countries, especially the United States, are using their strong soft power to export Western food culture to the world.
In a nutshell, American culture is a culture of mass consumption, in which consumers focus on convenience when acquiring goods and services.
American culture is permeated with this kind of convenience, such as cars, fast food, television, and sports programs. This convenience has led to an unhealthy lifestyle. European countries have a more diverse and balanced diet, and do not emphasize convenience in life, so Europeans are much healthier than Americans.
The rise of Western fast food culture is in the interests of Shennong Nanliang and Wonderful. The sluggish world food prices have forced Shennong Nanliang to target the futures market as a profit channel. The widespread spread of fast food culture allows Shennong Nanliang to process primary agricultural products into industrialized commodities and then sell them to obtain more profits, and also allows Wonderful to expand its market.
At the same time, unhealthy eating habits will lead to an increasing number of obese people, which will lead to obesity syndrome, which in turn will benefit biopharmaceuticals and Nanshi’s layout in the medical field.
If the political and economic environment in Mexico permits, Nan Yi plans to adjust its investment strategy in Mexico from fragmentation to systematization, and to carry out industrial layout in line with the changes in Mexico's dietary structure. It will no longer regard Mexico as the production backyard of the American industry, but as a relatively independent Mexican industrial system.
Nan Yi called Scarlett and told her his thoughts. Scarlett suggested giving the Intelligence Committee a few days to re-discuss and adjust the Mexico strategy, and Nan Yi readily agreed.
After Nan Yi finished talking to Scarlett, he called Yefim Zelman, the president of Freshwater Group, and asked him to instruct the Freshwater Research Institute to launch a survey and research project on drinking water in Mexico. He wanted to know the actual situation of drinking water in various parts of Mexico.
Although this kind of data can be easily obtained from official channels in Mexico, the Mexican officials have long been labeled as "unreliable" by Nan Yi. Using the data summarized by them as a reference for formulating strategies can easily lead to a serious setback.
"Hey, you, asshole!"
As a woman's angry curse was rang out, a burst of messy footsteps followed, and then the sound of something heavy falling to the ground.
Nan Yi turned around and looked a little confused. He knew at a glance that Angelina Jolie, who had just had a high, was pinned to the ground by the goddess and could not move.
"Let her go, let's go..."
Before Nan Yi finished speaking, the tiger cub shouted, "Be alert."
Kara Kara, the sound of bullets being loaded and the sound of dense footsteps. The security guards moved closer to Nan Yi, and before the guard formation was formed, two rapid sounds of M1911 shooting reached Nan Yi's ears.
"Retaliation, retreat, retreat."
As his body was pressed down by someone, Nan Yi looked in the direction of the gunshot, and saw a dark-skinned Mexican with Indian yellow features riding on a man. He was holding an ice pick in his hand and thrusting it down and up quickly, repeating this process. The man he was riding on was obviously dead long ago, and his intention to vent his anger was obvious.
Nan Yi was escorted to the car parked outside the bar. Edith Gonzalez was not forgotten by the bodyguards and was also escorted out. Tianxian also brought a burden with her, Angelina Jolie.
After the car drove out, Nan Yi teased Edith Gonzalez again, "Is it safe?"
Edith Gonzalez rolled his eyes at Nan Yi and said nothing. His mind was wandering. Angelina Jolie continued to be dazed, waving her hands randomly. No one knew what kind of illusion she was in.
The convoy arrived at the Colonial Hotel. Nan Yi asked Tianxian to throw Angelina Jolie into a room. He then went into his own room, opened the refrigerator, took out a bottle of water, took a few sips, and then turned on the air conditioner.
The Colonial Hotel is not the best hotel in Mexicali, but it has a good location. There are no other buildings within a hundred meters. The hotel has only twelve floors, limited height, and the roof is a platform, which makes it easy to evacuate by helicopter or rappel. In addition, the hotel does not use central air conditioning, but independent air conditioning, which is very important.
The weather in Mexicali is so hot that you can’t stay here without air conditioning. If it is central air conditioning, it is easy for people to release “harmful” gases. Whether it is gases that cause coma or direct killing, people will be killed as long as they are inhaled.
After the cool air from the air conditioner washed away the sweat on his body, Nan Yi took a shower, sat down at the table wearing only his shorts, turned on the computer and read the analysis reports on the "Mexican Peso Crisis" and the "Mexican Indigenous Revolution Crisis" made by the financial team that he had previously ignored.
Some Mexicans have fair skin and white features, while others have very dark skin, almost close to black people. This is related to the composition of the three major races in Mexico.
The first type, which is also the most populous ethnic group, is the mixed-race descendants of indigenous people and European whites, the product of racial integration. There are many ways of mixing and many names, such as Mestizos and Castillos. If Castillos mix with Spaniards, their descendants will regain their Spanish identity.
In order to maintain their rule in Mexico, the Spanish put a lot of effort into ethnic culture.
The second type is the indigenous people. No matter what their tribe is called, they are generally called Indians, or Mayans.
The third type is the descendants of white people, a group of people who have never mixed with indigenous people, or who have fully retained white characteristics after mixing. The number of this type of people is the smallest, accounting for less than one-tenth of the population.
There is a state in Mexico called Chiapas, one of the poorest states, but also the location of Mexico's priceless treasure. Chiapas has the most abundant and clean water resources in Mexico.
In 1960, Chiapas' population accounted for 3% of the country's total, and its electricity generation accounted for 5% of the country's total. By 1980, the state had 50% of the country's hydroelectric power generation capacity, which was equivalent to 20% of the country's electricity from various sources. Chiapas has many rare mineral deposits and abundant oil reserves.
At the same time, the extremely rich biological populations there have long been collected (actually stolen) by many European and American experts claiming to be biologists and anthropologists. Dozens of ancient Indian herbs have been patented and monopolized in the U.S. market. Even the oldest Indian beverage, corn drink, which has been used for thousands of years, has become a patented product in the U.S. market.
If we say that the colonial plunder of the past drove countless indigenous Indians from the flat and prosperous plateaus to the deep mountains and dense forests, then today, the deep jungle valleys they have barely squeezed into have once again become the scene of neo-colonial resource wars and biological warfare.
The economic and strategic significance of Chiapas goes far beyond this.
As a geographical wonder, the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, a smooth road between towering mountains, passes through the mountains and jungles of Chiapas. For 200 years, it has always been the most convenient passage coveted by the North American world, connecting the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.
As the Panama Canal's capacity was insufficient, the United States had a more urgent need to open up the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and develop the last refuge of the indigenous people into a source of raw materials and several large processing bases with cheap labor. This was rapidly promoted with the cooperation of the Mexican government, which began to pursue neoliberalism in 1980.
In order to develop various raw material projects, the Mexican government has spared no expense in large-scale construction.
In 1970, the total length of all roads in Chiapas was about 3,000 kilometers; by 1975, that number had doubled; in 1973, the road budget for the highlands alone was equal to the expenditure on all the food needed for the approximately 300,000 families living there.
As infrastructure projects were implemented one after another, landowners expanded the raw material trading market and seized more land from indigenous peoples to expand production. On the other hand, many indigenous peoples gave up their land and farming in the expansion of development policies and switched to working as mining workers and construction workers, and their livelihoods were deeply affected by fluctuations in the international market.
In August 1982, the Mexican government shocked the financial world by announcing that it would not be able to meet its debt obligations on time.
This was the beginning of the debt problem for developing countries in the 1980s, and since then, Mexico has fallen sharply into debt distress.
Chiapas is basically composed of large ranches, coffee plantations, and small plots of family land. Land distribution is unequal and land reform has not been truly implemented.
The indigenous people are extremely poor. The areas where they live are short of arable land, the soil in the forested lowlands is poor, and the plateau areas are prone to soil erosion.
Over the years, Aboriginal community leaders have spoken out in resistance, only to be murdered.
In 1974, the first Indigenous Congress was held in San Cristóbal de las Casas, with participants from many ethnic groups. The 1,230 delegates included 587 Tzeltals, 330 Tzotzil, 152 Tojolabals and 151 Chor, representing 327 communities and more than 300,000 Mayan indigenous peoples.
This conference can be regarded as a milestone in the unity and resistance of indigenous peoples. One year before the conference, all communities participated in the discussion and were trained in interpreting between different dialects, so as not to rely on the colonizer's language, Spanish, as the only medium of communication.
In 1974, as indigenous militancy grew, the Mexican government shifted its policy from top-down indigenism to participatory indigenism, working to incorporate indigenous leaders and organizations.
While in some cases this effort was successful, in other cases, such as the government-created Indian National Council, the official organization split, giving rise to autonomous offshoots that still exist and are active in the autonomy movement.
In the late 1980s, Mexico was the first country in Latin America to ratify the International Labor Organization Convention No. 169, taking the lead in recognizing indigenous rights and providing indigenous organizations with better political development opportunities.
In 1990, Mexico amended Article 4 of its Constitution to recognize Mexico as a multicultural country and grant cultural rights to indigenous peoples. However, the Mexican government hastily held several consultations with indigenous leaders, excluding most organizations and communities.
This strategy led to regional self-government conferences to protest the absence of indigenous peoples in the legislative process to implement Article 4 of the Constitution and the lack of a national platform to discuss self-government.
In 1992, last year, many Aboriginal organizations participated in the "Protest against 500 Years of Colonialism"...
Seeing this, Nan Yi quickly flipped through the materials, trying to see if there was any specific information about the event attached. After searching, he didn't find any, so he had to continue reading from the previous article.
The Mayan survivors have a long history of tenacious resistance to the colonists. The colonists' war to conquer Chiapas began in 1524, but the Mayan people fought desperately for four years until 1528, when they were suppressed by the troops led by Diego de Mazarigos.
Chiapas saw many rebellions during its colonial period, with historians highlighting the "Tertal Revolt of 1712," even calling it the "Cancuc Republic" or "Tertal Republic."
The hostile relationship between the indigenous people and the colonists entered a new crisis in 1711, when the indigenous peoples’ resistance appropriated the Catholic image of the Virgin Mary. In the Zozier community of Santa Maria, it was said that the “Virgin Mary with indigenous features” appeared to two Zozier villagers through a wood carving, which caused an uproar in the neighboring community, and the Inquisition quickly confiscated the wood carving.
In addition, the government's harsh taxation system, as well as the huge commissions charged by the bishops, fueled social discontent and led thousands of Indians to rebel against the New Spanish authorities.
At this time, the Virgin Mary appeared again. This time, it was a villager from the Kankuk community who saw the apparition of the Virgin Mary. The rebels interpreted this as new information. In order to protect this "medium of communication with the Virgin Mary", the rebels formed the "Holy Lady Corps", which brought together 32 Tsertal, Zozir and Chor communities, with three thousand militiamen in the team.
The Legion of the Virgins recruited supporters through semi-secret religious activities, allowing the indigenous people to maintain their own organizational structure and remain relatively independent from the royal family.
Later, ethnic conflicts, the instigation of the Spanish, the co-optation of leaders, and the brutal attacks of the New Spanish army ended the "Cancuc Republic".
In 1727, the Spanish arrested the instigators of the uprising and their children, not letting the seeds of rebellion go unpunished. In order to leave a mark of defeat in the memory of the insurgents, the colonists avenged the killing of the Spaniards and cut off an ear of all the insurgents' accomplices.
Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the resistance of the Maya indigenous peoples was sometimes open, sometimes hidden, but always present. The indigenous peoples of the region, like the indigenous peoples of the entire American continent, experienced a catastrophe, and most of the population was exterminated, which is the largest genocide in human history.
However, the indigenous peoples of Chiapas still actively participated in the establishment of the Mexican nation, whether by joining the ranks of the independence army or by joining the Liberation Army of the South under Zapata during the revolution.
The indigenous peoples of Latin America, especially those of Chiapas, did not lose their identity during the long colonial wars. Instead, the policies of social cleansing and genocide strengthened the social cohesion and collective consciousness of the indigenous peoples.
It is worth mentioning that the wars of conquest, colonialism and neocolonialism were largely unsuccessful on the cultural and ideological levels, in that they were unable to impose Western rationality as the only way of thinking, or Catholicism as the only form of spiritual expression, on indigenous peoples.
After World War II, in an effort to strengthen the Catholic Church, Pope John XXIII convened the Second Vatican Council, which took place from 1962 to 1965.
At that meeting, ancient divisions within Catholicism surfaced, particularly between “anti-modernism” and “modernism.” As part of the meeting, Pope Paul VI called on the Latin American bishops’ conference to update its vision and practice to make it more consistent with reality.
In response to this call, the Second Latin American Bishops' Conference was held in Medellin, Colombia, in August and September 1968. The composition of this conference, the issues discussed, and the conclusions reached had a global impact on the Catholic Church.
Many of the views expressed during the Medellin Conference advocated that the Church condemn the systematic oppression and exploitation of the poor by Third World governments. Participants agreed not only to condemn exploitation and oppression, but to act to help in any way necessary, in an organized manner, so that those in poverty can successfully change their state of poverty.
The outcome of the Medellín Conference encouraged religious and non-religious people to conduct in-depth research on the role of the Church in Latin America and the characteristics of this continent, namely the obvious exploitative relations produced by the material production structures of colonialism and capitalism, which is also known as "liberation theology."
The starting point of liberation theology is a concrete analysis of reality and the historical process that brought about this reality, but always at the theological level. Liberation theology considers poverty to be a negation of mutual recognition between subjects, and a society with poor people is a society without God.
This absence of God exists where there is weeping, the absence of God exists in the poor. The poor are the absence of God, the effective presence of God is provided by the absence.
For this reason, liberation theologians choose to help the poor, to free them from poverty, and to allow all subjects to be recognized... (a paragraph deleted)
In this way, a symbiosis between Marxism and Catholicism emerged in Latin America, where liberation theologians were less interested in becoming part of the church hierarchy and their work was more focused on social organization, with the poor and the proletariat.
As the debate moved beyond the discursive and intellectual levels, in practice movements consisting of grassroots church groups grew stronger and even developed into political parties in Brazil and Nicaragua.
The grassroots church communities in Mexico originate from the poorest rural and urban areas, in a socio-political and economic reality of exploitation, hunger, oppression and suffering. The main actors are indigenous peoples and peasants, workers, the unemployed, who, accompanied by priests and religious figures, are committed to giving priority to the poor and are the seeds of hope for the Mexican Church.
Grassroots church groups and the San Cristóbal de las Casas parish play an important role in the indigenous community. They actively participated in the first Indigenous Congress in 1974, and the work of the parish strengthened the internal organizations of the indigenous peoples and enabled them to establish networks with similar organizations in the state, Mexico and the world.
In the process, the work of the Diocese of Chiapas was subverted or influenced by the particular cosmology of the indigenous peoples, so that a kind of “Indigenous Church” began to take shape, consisting of 2,608 communities, 400 predeacons and 8,000 catechumens, coordinated with the structures of the diocese but also with a certain autonomy.
By reviewing the social reality of Chiapas from the 1960s to the 1980s and the history of participation of all parties, we can see that the Zapatista National Liberation Movement itself is a complex, a social process that combines a wide range of social demands, struggle traditions and critical ideas in Mexico and around the world.
On August 6, 1969, in Monterrey, Nuevo León, the National Liberation Force was founded. The leaders of the organization were brothers Cesar Germán and Fernando Muñoz Yáñez, Alfredo Zarate and Raúl Pérez Vázquez.
The organization's strategy is to build its power in silence and not confront the state. In 1972, Cesar Germán Yáñez established a camp called "Diamond" in Chiapas, from which the Zapatista Guerrilla Core began to operate.
Five years after its creation, the FNL had networks in Tabasco, Puebla, the State of Mexico, Chiapas, Veracruz, and Nuevo León.
On February 14, 1974, the National Liberation Forces were attacked by police and military at one of their main safe houses, the "Big House", in San Miguel Nepantla, Mexico State. Five guerrillas were killed and 16 were arrested.
Meanwhile, in Ocosingo, Chiapas, the "Diamonds" camp was attacked and several key guerrillas were killed; a few escaped, including César Germán Yáñez.
The FNL entered the Lacandon jungle more frequently from 1974 to 1983. Many students were recruited from Marxist universities such as the Autonomous Municipal University and the Autonomous University of Chapingo, and much of the FNL activity was in Chiapas.
In November 1983, with the help of politicized indigenous groups with extensive organizational experience and the support of new radical elements from universities, the first camp of the Zapatista National Liberation Army led by Deputy Commander Marcos and others was established, named "Lice."
The Zapatista national liberation movement had three main components: a political-military group, a group of politicized and very experienced indigenous peoples, and the indigenous movement from the jungle.
The third section became an important part of the organization after 1983, when the Zapatista National Liberation Movement began its second phase of "building its power in silence"...
Nan Yi can see from the information that there has been an active guerrilla force in Chiapas. They have been growing stronger, but have not carried out any armed action. So are they insufficiently accumulating strength, or are they waiting for a good opportunity?
If they are waiting for an opportunity, what kind of opportunity are they waiting for?
Nan Yi put his doubts aside for the time being and opened the analysis report on the "Mexican Peso Crisis".

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