Putting down the cup, Nan Yi picked up the Galaxy Goddess mineral water next to him and looked at the water inside the bottle. It looked very pure, but Nan Yi would never drink this water, even if it was a product of the Nan Group.
Putting down the mineral water, Nan Yi looked up at Han Zhenhe who was sitting opposite him, "You came here more than a month earlier than me. You have understood everything you should understand, right?"
"Yes, President."
"Very good, then first tell me about the development history of the Indian consortium."
"Okay." Han Zhenhe picked up a folder and opened it. After looking at it for a while, he began to say, "Chairman, the development history of Indian consortiums is inseparable from the history of Indian industrial development. During the two world wars, the prototypes of the first consortiums in India were formed.
Geographically, the founders of the first generation of consortiums were mainly Marwaris, a caste of merchants and moneylenders from Rajasthan;
Jats, mainly from the Punjab region, are descendants of the Yuezhi people. In the caste system of India, Jats are a special existence. Indian society classifies them as low castes, but they are hardworking and brave, basically rich, and have a lot of say in politics. They can be called Indian Jews;
The merchants in the northwest, mainly from Gujarat, were originally landlords and agricultural product merchants, who started out by planting cotton during the East India Company period;
Since the 1920s and 1930s, the first generation of old financial groups has transformed commercial accumulation into industrial capital and invested heavily in major cities such as Bombay, Calcutta, Delhi, Madras, Coimbatore and Ahmedabad;
In the 1940s, they began to invest in political independence. Several heads of financial groups became friendly with the Gandhi family. After entering the 1950s, they also received rich returns.
However, since India implemented a strategy of focusing on developing state-owned heavy industry in the early days of independence, even though the old conglomerates received policy support, they were still constrained by the industrial licensing system.
Only the long-established Tata Group has a steel plant, a locomotive factory and an airline. Most of the assets of other groups are concentrated in light industries such as jute, textiles, sugar and paper, and they also engage in trade.
In the great wave of heavy industry, the strength of some more conservative conglomerates declined, and a group of medium-sized companies emerged from the ruins of the old conglomerate empire.
The Tata Group has been rising steadily, the Birla Group has not lost its strength, and others such as Thapar, Singhania, Varchand, Sriram, Modi, Mafatlal, Bajaj, etc., although they had established industrial spheres of influence before independence, their strength has begun to weaken after independence, some have transformed, and some have been washed ashore by the big waves. "
"Yes." Nan Yi nodded and said, "Let's not talk about those that have fallen, let's mainly talk about the consortiums that are active on the stage now."
"Okay, President, I'll start with Reliance Commercial, the fastest-growing company."
Nan Yi suddenly saw Sayuri Hagiwara walking towards them, so he said first, "Sayuri, don't disturb me unless it's urgent."
Sayuri Hagiwara said, "Nagao-kun, I wanted to ask what you were planning to eat for dinner."
"You decide."
"All right."
Sayuri Hagiwara said this and turned and left.
"Zhen Hyuk, let's go to the study and talk."
Nan Yi and Han Zhenhe moved to the study room. After they sat down, Han Zhenhe continued, "In the 1960s, a group of people with foresight, courage and the ability to exploit policy loopholes emerged in India, the most typical representative of whom is Dhirubhai Ambani.
In 1960, Dhirubhai Ambani resigned from Aden Petroleum and returned to Mumbai, where he joined forces with Chambal Damani to establish Reliance Industries, a company mainly engaged in import and export trade.
Ambani took advantage of loopholes in India's export promotion program at the time to import nylon yarn and export nylon fabrics. At that time, India was short of nylon yarn, and the government gave high subsidies to imported nylon yarn. Nylon yarn was truly gold sand.
In 1965, Ambani kicked out his partner Chambal Damani and took control of the company alone. The following year, he established a textile factory in Naroda.
In 1971, due to the increasing demand for polyester yarn in India, the government implemented another plan - rewarding the export of nylon fabrics and the import of polyester yarn; Ambani's nylon fabric factory encountered a boom, and at its peak, the nylon exports from his factory accounted for 60% of India's total.
In 1973, Reliance Commercial Company was renamed Reliance Industries Limited. By the mid-1970s, Reliance Industries had already taken a leading position in the Indian chemical fiber industry. In 1977, Reliance Industries went public and entered the fast lane of development.
In 1978, Mumbai held a chemical fiber exhibition, and foreign merchants were completely attracted by Ambani's careful promotion strategy and almost won all the orders.
In the early 1980s, in order to fill the gap between supply and demand of polyester yarn, Ambani established a polyester yarn factory in nearby Paraganga, which was managed by his eldest son Mukesh. Under Ambani's supervision, Mukesh put the factory into production in 18 months and started full production within 4 days.
In 1983, India's import tariff on polyester yarn began to rise from 564 rupees per kilogram to 900 rupees per kilogram. Trading companies engaged in the import of polyester yarn closed down one after another, but Ambani was the only one who managed to survive in the protected market.
"Wait." Nan Yi raised his hand to interrupt Han Zhenhe, "I want the data table of India's polyester yarn demand and import volume from 1980 to 1982, and by the way, I want to check the list of the companies that did the best polyester yarn trade in those years."
"Chairman, do you suspect that Ambani is behind the tariff increase?" Han Zhenhe asked.
"It's unlikely that one company can push forward alone. Let's take advantage of the situation and continue."
"So far, India's chemical fiber and textile industries are almost monopolized by Reliance Industries. The strength of the consortium is only weaker than Tata and Birla, ranking third in India; however, Reliance Industries has also fallen into a bottleneck period, and Ambani is leading Reliance Industries to expand into other industries."
"Petrochemical?"
Han Zhenhe nodded and replied, "Yes, it is petrochemicals. Reliance Industries has already laid out its oil industry. Just last month, Reliance Industries just bought 700 acres of land in Hazira."
After hearing what Han Zhenhe said, Nan Yi took out the map of India, spread it on the table, and asked, "Which state is Hazra in?"
"Here." Han Zhenhe came closer to the table, pointed to a point on the map and said, "The land is on the edge of the Tapti River. The location is very clever. The mouth of the Tapti River is in the Arabian Sea."
Nan Yi looked at the location Han Zhenhe pointed to. The contour lines on the map formed a small closed curve, so he asked, "Is it an island or a depression?"
"From what I have heard, it should be a swampy area with very low terrain. If we want to build a factory, we need to raise the land."
The swamp, the low terrain and the riverside, several factors connected together, Nan Yi quickly realized what Ambani was planning.
"This Ambani is very smart. If he wants to use large ships, the Tapti River must be dredged, and the silt excavated can be used to fill the pit." Nan Yi muttered, "He is very shrewd. No wonder your little fox can become the richest man in Asia."
After staring at the map for a long time, Nan Yi looked up and asked inexplicably: "Isn't Ambani a high caste?"
"Ambani's son Mukesh married a high-caste woman from the Vaishya caste. His wife's name before marriage was Nita Dalal, and her parents were from a Gujarati middle-class family.
Nita is good-looking and good at Indian classical dance. She is favored by wealthy people. She is often invited to perform and her performance fee is very high. It is said that Mukesh spent a lot of effort to catch up with her.
"What did Nita's grandparents do?"
Han Zhenhe's eyes flashed, "A businessman from the northwest, a branch of the first generation of a ruined old consortium."
Nan Yi smiled faintly, "Maybe the Darrell family has lost their money, but their connections are still there, and there are still people who want to recognize their faces?"
"The president is wise."
"There's nothing to be wise about. It's human nature. Ambani will never allow his son to marry a pure dancer. Not to mention the whole country, just in Mumbai, with the conditions of the Ambani family, it is easy to find a relative from a scholarly family. Whether it's the daughter of a university professor or a lawyer, it will be more suitable than a dancer from a middle-class family."
Nan Yi said, and then shouted at the door of the study: "School Belle, ask Sayuri to make us two cups of tea and bring some snacks. Let her make them herself. The snacks must be the kind we bring ourselves."
"clear."
The school beauty outside the door responded.
"Zhen He, did you have any stomach discomfort during the month you were here?"
"On my first day here, I went for a walk and saw the sanitary conditions of the stalls, so I didn't dare to try them. After that, I tried to eat here as much as possible. Even if I had to eat out, I would go to high-end restaurants in the south of the city. President, the high-end consumption in Mumbai is no less than that in New York."
"Ha, that's normal. The middle class in New York doesn't have the income level of the rich in Mumbai."
Nan Yi and the other person started chatting until there was a knock on the study door.
"Come in."
The door opened and Sayuri Hagiwara walked to the table with a tray in her hands. "Nagao-kun, sorry to bother you."
"Lily-chan, thank you for your hard work."
As Nan Yi spoke, he reached out to help Hagiwara Sayuri take out the teacup and snack bowl from the tray.
Sayuri Hagiwara put the tray under her armpit, turned her face to Han Zhenhe and said politely: "Please continue, I'll go out first."
"Lily, it's still early for dinner, you can go for a walk on Peacock Mountain."
"OK."
After Sayuri Hagiwara left, Nan Yi and the other person drank tea and brought the topic back to the main business.
“The chairman, the consortium that emerged after independence, and the Rambasingh Experimental Company, whose head, B.M. Singh, was a refugee who moved to Delhi from Rawalpindi, Pakistan in the forties;
Rambasin focuses on the biopharmaceutical market, has several factories in India, and is expanding overseas. It has joint ventures in the United States, Italy, and South Africa. Now Rambasin controls more than 12% of the Indian pharmaceutical market.
Similar cases to B.M. Singh include Mohan Mojjar of Hero Group, R. Singh of Bharat Tubes and Apollo Tyres, and H.P. Nanda of Escots.
Nanda was originally an agent of Westinghouse Electric in Lahore, Pakistan. After moving to Delhi, he resumed his contact with Westinghouse and started to engage in the second-hand car trade. In 1954, he founded his first manufacturing company, Godetz Company, in Patiala, and Maharaja Y. Singh provided land as an investment in the company.
This Nanda was also a very interesting person. When he moved from Lahore to Delhi, he had only 5,000 rupees in his pocket, but he wanted to live in the Imperial Hotel, which is now the Imperial Hotel, and the charges were always very high.
"He wants to maintain his dignity, or you can say his credit. Otherwise, he will be kicked out of his previous circle," said Nan Yi.
Han Zhenhe nodded and continued, "In addition to these refugees who moved here from Pakistan, there are also some consortiums that were transformed from emerging landlords, rich farmers and businessmen during the Indian Green Revolution. They started out by transitioning from agricultural capitalism and operating foreign trade.
This group of people, spread across states such as Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra, have shifted the wealth accumulated from agricultural production to manufacturing over a period of two decades.
A typical representative among them is K.V.K. Luja of the Nagarjira Group. He was a rich farmer in Andhra Pradesh. He majored in engineering in college and worked in United Carbon Black. After leaving the company, he founded the Nagarjira Fertilizer Company.
When the company was founded, he mobilized Luyakama caste farmers in Krishna district to invest, with each person contributing 50,000 to 500,000 rupees. He used these funds to increase the company's capital-debt ratio and used it as leverage to obtain a large amount of loan capital from state-owned financial institutions.
Moreover, he also cooperated with Sraprogati of Italy through the relationship of Rajiv Gandhi. The Nagarjila Group has already involved in the chemical, cement and electronics industries.
Han Zhenhe took a sip of tea, slowed down, and continued: "In addition, in Andhra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Punjab and other states, some consortiums were transformed from businessmen and middle-class families.
They engage in foreign trade or, with the help of foreign exchange support from relatives and friends abroad, engage in manufacturing or service industries.
For example, Anji Reddy of Dr. Reddy's Laboratory was once a scientist at a state-owned Indian pharmaceutical company. After leaving the company, he copied and pasted the technology and then founded his own laboratory. He started by exporting ibuprofen analgesics and has now established production bases abroad.
Han Zhenhe glanced at Nan Yi and said, "President, Angie Reddy's first target for expansion seems to be China."
"Um."
Nan Yi nodded but didn't say anything.
Seeing that Nan Yi didn't say anything, Han Zhenhe pursed his lips and continued, "Another part has developed along with India's infrastructure. They have good relations with the government and take on subcontracts. A typical representative is G.V. Krishna Reddy, the head of the GVK Group in Andhra Pradesh. He was born into a wealthy peasant family and accumulated capital from civil engineering contracts, and then invested in real estate and hotels..."
Han Zhenhe spoke patiently, and Nan Yi listened attentively, interrupting from time to time to ask questions. The two of them went back and forth, asking and answering questions, and it lasted until 8:30 in the evening.
After it was over, Nan Yi sent Han Zhenhe to rest first. He sat in the study for another hour, sorting out his thoughts, and then walked out of the study.
As soon as he walked out of the study, Nan Yi saw a woman leaning against a supporting pillar and taking a nap. The woman was wearing a red and blue sari with her waist exposed. Her skin was fair. The patterns on the sari were obviously expensive. Combined with her fair skin, the woman was undoubtedly Priyanka Sharma.
Frowning, Nan Yi turned around and asked, "Did she try to get closer?"
"No." The school beauty behind Nan Yi replied.
"Be careful. It's hard to say whether this woman is a nuisance or an opportunity. Talk to Divaman and ask her to provide the same food standard as when she was a young lady."
"clear."
After giving the instructions, Nan Yi looked around the empty surroundings. In the space of more than 500 square meters, there was no other furnishings except the load-bearing columns. Only the 3×4 marble on the ground complemented the space.
“It’s a little empty.”
Muttering to himself, Nan Yi walked through the empty compartment of 500 square meters, and then came to another compartment of 700 square meters. He walked through several rooms like this and turned two corners before arriving at the kitchen.
In one corner of the kitchen is the food storage area, with refrigerators lined up next to each other in a 12×12 square. Nan Yi took a quick look and didn't see any refrigerator.
Walking forward and looking around, Nan Yi finally saw the refrigerator placed against the wall.
Nan Yi walked over and opened seven or eight refrigerator doors, but still couldn't find what he was looking for. He shook his head, walked to the open kitchen counter on the other side, picked up the phone on it and dialed the internal number.
"Lily-chan, which refrigerator is the mineral water in?"
"There is a built-in refrigerator under the second cupboard on the right side of the kitchen counter, and the mineral water is inside." Sayuri Hagiwara said on the phone.
"Which side is right?"
"The right side is on the right hand side."
"Okay, I get it." Nan Yi hung up the phone and shook his head, muttering, "You didn't even give me a reference, who knows which side is the right side."
After drinking water in the kitchen, Nan Yi walked through many twists and turns to reach the bedroom on the second floor.
That night, Nan Yi did not sleep well. Sayuri Hagiwara was familiar with her own bed. She tossed and turned, unable to sleep, so she pulled Nan Yi to play poker most of the night.
…
Peacock Villa is located in the northeast of Mumbai, a little further north than the north of the city. It can be said to be a suburban area east of the north city. If we go back a few hundred years ago, when Mumbai was still composed of seven islands, Peacock Villa should be on Trombay Island.
According to the direction, to go from Peacock Villa to North City, one should go southwest, but in fact, the morning rush hour in North City is too crowded.
If you go north from Peacock Villa, you will enter the mountains, and if you go east, you will reach the bay. It can be said that this is a dead end and the traffic routes will not be planned here. Therefore, the road to Peacock Villa was actually built by Nan Yi himself.
The total length of the highway is 17.2 kilometers, and it cost 22 million rupees. The cost of less than 90,000 US dollars per kilometer may not seem expensive, but if you compare the quality of the highway, anyone will shake their head. However, Nan Yi, who had seen the acceptance photos, was very satisfied.
When Faraqui applied for road construction, the Mumbai municipal department was very considerate and took over the project. They exempted Faraqui from the trouble of supervision and asked him to just pay the money.
Faraqui could only agree with a smile as he was powerless.
After the highway project was approved, it was subcontracted seven times and by the time it reached the eighth-hand builder, the budget was less than 3 million rupees. Despite this, the responsible eighth-hand builder still completed the highway project ahead of schedule.
On the day of acceptance, the Eighth Hand Builder was so grateful to Faraqui that he burst into tears.
The thing is, when Farakyi learned that there was only 3 million rupees left for road construction, he asked Nan Yi for instructions and got instructions to privately pay another 2 million rupees to the eighth builder.
Just because of the extra 2 million rupees, the road was successfully built, which basically made Nan Yi satisfied.
As for whether he has any opinion on subcontracting, Nan Yi said he had no opinion. This can be said to be the Belt and Road Initiative, where the rich help the poor, and it is very worthy of reference and learning.
It took more than ten minutes to walk 17.2 kilometers, and then forty minutes to move 2 kilometers. And then nothing happened. The intersection was stuck in traffic for almost an hour.
The road was already narrow, and the tuk-tuks were trying to squeeze in the gaps. What's more, the tuk-tuk drivers had excellent driving skills. They could squeeze in diagonally even though there was only a two-centimeter gap, without hitting the cars in front or behind.
He is very skilled and brave. There is a Mercedes in front and a "car" behind. He will have no chance of survival if he hits either of them.
"Faraqui, what's that car behind?" Nan Yi asked, pointing at the car.
Faraqui took a look and said proudly, "The Ambassador, the jewel in the crown of India, the government car, the symbol of power."
“Oh, are there more Ambassador brands on Bombay Street or more Tata brands?”
"Although Ambassador is more expensive than Tata, there are still more Ambassadors. People in the south of the city will not choose domestic cars, they will choose imported cars. Few people in the north of the city can afford a car, even the cheapest one."
"Those with money can buy it at will, but those without money simply can't afford it, right?" Nan Yi asked.
"That's right, Boss."
"Understood." Nan Yi nodded, "Tell me what I need to pay attention to in the north of the city, I mean for tourists."
Without thinking, Faraqui said directly: “Children, the most important thing to pay attention to is children. Many children in the north of the city are pickpockets. They are very good at stealing money. If you are not careful, your wallet will be stolen;
If you come across begging children, especially those with disabilities, you can give them a few rupees, but before you give, you should look around to make sure there are no other beggars nearby. If there are other children nearby, if you give one, they will all come around. "
"Defect? ​​You mean disability?"
"Yes, Boss. There is an organization behind these kids. If they can't get money outside during the day, they will be severely punished when they return, and they may even lose their lives."
Nan Yi turned his head and looked out the window, and said faintly: "So, they were disabled intentionally?"
Faraqui's face showed fear. "Yes, when I was a child, a neighbor of mine was kidnapped. His body was found in Delhi a few months later. One of his eyes was blind and one of his arms was broken."
Suddenly, Sayuri Hagiwara joined in the fun and asked, "Nagao-kun, what are you talking about?"
"It's not a good topic, it's better if you don't know." Nan Yi said to Sayuri Hagiwara who was leaning against the window on the other side.
Mumbai has a tropical monsoon climate, and the temperature is high all year round. Although it is still morning, the outside of the car has become a steamer after being scorched by the sun and the engine. The air conditioning at the lowest setting can barely maintain a relatively low temperature inside the car.
Sayuri Hagiwara didn't dwell on Nan Yi's evasiveness. She just sighed and said, "Alas, I don't know how long the traffic jam will last."
"How long do you think the traffic jam will last?"
Nan Yi couldn't answer Sayuri Hagiwara's question, so he could only ask Falque on her behalf.
"Boss, based on my past experience, it will take at least twenty minutes, and possibly half a day at most."
"Every day?"
"Not really. Normally the traffic jam lasts for half an hour at most. Today there must have been a traffic accident up ahead. The police here are only quick when collecting money. They are always slow at other times." Faraqui complained.
"The intersection we just passed, where does the southeast direction lead to? Can we go around the north of the city and enter the south?" Nan Yi said after recalling.
"Going southeast is the Thane area, which is the planned New Mumbai area. There is an Eastern Expressway that bypasses the north of the city and goes directly to the south of the city, but it requires an extra 40 miles."
"Nansheng, we are blocked from all sides." said the school beauty.
Nan Yi waved his hand and said, "I know, I'm just planning for tomorrow's trip."
"I'll send a car to familiarize yourself with the route in the afternoon." The school beauty said lightly.
"Um."
After waiting and waiting for another seventy minutes, the cars on the road finally started to move.
After the car drove forward for one kilometer, we saw a truck lying on its side on the side of the road. In front of the truck were several bloody cows lying. It seemed that the truck had hit the cows and caused it to overturn.
When the convoy passed the accident site, the speed suddenly increased. The buildings that came into view became more and more upright, completely different from the low ones before.
After the convoy had been driving for 20 minutes, Faraqui pointed to the west and said, "Boss, that's Dharavi."
Nan Yi turned his head and took a look. "Since we happened to be passing by, let's make this our first stop today and take a good look at the famous Dharavi slum."
The convoy pulled over to the side of the road. As soon as Nan Yi got off the car, he felt a fishy sea breeze blowing from the right. The roar of the train on the left came from far away, from continuous to weak.
"Boss, this train station is Mahim Station, and across the tracks is Dharavi."
After hearing Faraqui's suggestion, Nan Yi turned around and looked to the west. He did not see anything related to "poverty" in his eyes, but he saw a wide road and tall and short buildings on the side. The traffic on the road was very turbulent.
"Faraqui, is this the center of Mumbai?" Nan Yi asked knowingly.
"Yes, the Senapati Bapat Marg in front of us is the main road of Mumbai. Dharavi is in a prime location in Mumbai."
"Was it the central area a long time ago?"
Faraqui said: "At least 80 years ago, this was already a prime location."
"Since it is a prime location, how come a slum has formed here?" Nan Yi asked in surprise.
Faraqui smiled and said, "Boss, it would be more appropriate to call this an industrial zone rather than a slum. Dharavi was originally just a small fishing village. Since the end of the 19th century, businessmen have built pottery and textile factories here.
In order to reduce the cost of wages as much as possible , factory owners would go to the south to recruit landless farmers. They only needed to pay very little wages, and the farmers were willing to work hard.
As the number of factories increases year by year and workers are recruited year by year, the population here increases and increases, reaching its current size of over 700,000 .
There is only one square mile here, 70% of the land is used to build factories, and 10% of the land is not yet developed. Only 0.2 square miles of land is crammed with 700,000 people, so the living conditions are naturally not good. "
“So, Dharavi is actually an industrial area?”
“Yes, this is the industrial area and workers’ accommodation area.”
"Interesting, really interesting." Nan Yi stroked his chin and waved his hand, "Let's go in and take a look."
Faraqui led the way, and the group passed through a garbage recycling station and walked for a while before entering the "Dharavi Industrial Zone". The first thing that caught everyone's eyes was a pile of buildings built with various waste materials.
"Boss, since the 1970s, poor people have been flocking here uninvited. They built shacks on other people's land. We couldn't drive them away. Over time, they settled down here, and the landowners couldn't do anything about them."
"Who is the owner of the land? Are they the descendants of the fishermen in the fishing village?" Nan Yi asked.
"Boss, no, the land here fell into the hands of the factory owners a long time ago. In addition to the factory buildings, they also built three or four-story buildings on the land. The upstairs are rented to workers to live in, and the downstairs are rented out as business premises or factories.
Over time, some factory owners encountered misfortunes, and their descendants sold the factories and houses to other people. Some sold them as a package to one person, while others sold them separately. Today, the property rights of the houses here are relatively dispersed.
Dharavi is not only inhabited by the descendants of the original workers and the newly arrived poor, but also by landlords who can collect rent and owners of processing plants. I know that there are several millionaires living here. ”
"Not everyone here is poor?" Nan Yi turned into a curious baby.
Faraqui shook his head. "Yes, most of the people living here have relatively stable jobs. Although their income is not high, they will not have problems with food and clothing. They are definitely not poor.
Many aboriginal people in the north of the city have houses, but once they lose their jobs, their lives will be even harder than here. They have to pay for water and electricity, while people here don’t have to pay anything.”
"In your report, I saw that the monthly income of the residents here is 50 rupees. How much do they spend on rent every month?"
"It's between 5 and 20 rupees. 5 rupees can only rent a place the size of a bunk, and 20 rupees can rent a separate room that can accommodate six or seven people."
Nan Yi then asked: "Can the factories here digest all the adults?"
"It was possible 10 years ago, but not now because the population has expanded too much."
"How many children do couples usually have here?"
"Most people will continue to have children as long as they can, and some will at least have two or three children."
As the questions and answers went on, Nan Yi had already outlined the general development history of Dharavi in ​​his mind. The earliest factory owners who came here took advantage of cheap labor to expand rapidly. More and more factories were opened, and more and more people were recruited from the south. The residential areas here gradually expanded.
In the beginning, Dharavi was mainly populated by adults, and everyone’s burden was not too heavy. As they gained a firm foothold and settled down, their latent reproductive skills were activated, and this place entered the era of “mass production”.
Every birth means one more mouth to feed, and it will also weaken a family's self-generating ability. After all, pregnancy will definitely delay efficiency and reduce income. Nan Yi doesn't believe that the factory owners here will give workers maternity leave. Most of the time, they work to make money, and if they don't, they will have no money.
As one thing grows, another shrinks. There are more and more mouths to feed, but the income is becoming less and less. At the beginning, a family of three could eat very much, but when it developed to a family of six, they could only eat 30% full at best. At this point, it can be said that food and clothing have become a problem.
Since they are starting to starve, they will follow the glorious tradition of "poor children grow up early" and take on the burden of supporting the family at the age of five or six and go out to find work. If they cannot do heavy or technical work, they can go to the streets to sell masala tea.
Thus, a vicious cycle begins. The parents’ generation was considered to be skilled workers, but when it comes to their children’s generation, they don’t even have the chance to learn a skill and can only work on the streets. When it comes to their grandchildren’s generation, what can they do?
The wheel of history is rolling backwards, and each generation is getting worse and worse. The quality of Dharavi’s residents will become lower and lower, and it will lose its competitiveness. The label of a slum will be firmly pinned on Dharavi’s head.
When Nan Yi was lost in thought, a woman came out of the dilapidated house and without even looking, poured a basin of liquid onto the "main road" outside. Instantly, an inexplicable smell rose from the ground.
It's not urine, it smells much worse than urine, more like swill that has been left for a few days, a bit pungent. The smell is different from ammonia, but the reaction it causes is similar.
"Ah...Nagao-kun, it stinks." Sayuri Hagiwara said, covering her nose.